If your business holds stock, to ensure that your Profit and Loss report is accurate, you should post opening and closing stock journals each month.
If you don’t post opening and closing stock journals, the cost of sales on the Profit and Loss report does not make allowance for any unsold stock.
For example, you buy stock costing £10,000. In the same month, you sell half of this stock for £12,000.
If your gross profit was calculated as Sales less Purchases, you would appear to have made £2,000 profit even though you still have £5,000 worth of stock left.
To produce an accurate profit figure, the cost of sales needs to be calculated. The cost of sales value is calculated using the following formula:
Cost of Sales = Opening Stock + Purchases – Closing Stock