Not easily.  You would have to create UDFs and manually enter them. You could add a panel and call it "Components" and then add a big memo UDF and you could list all the components and any notes.

You can also hit the drop down button in the upper right and launch bill of materials inquiry/maintenance for the current item if it exists on a bill. Not quite the same as having everything listed but it works out of the box. BigLouie's answer is a viable way to do it as well. If you know scripting, you could populate the UDF when the item is selected in item inquiry/maintenance to make it a little more seamless.