This might help clarify:

in the Sage 100 2023 What's New, it has more details on the Installation Simplification: 

cdn.na.sage.com/.../WhatsNew_2023.pdf

In version 2023, Sage 100 has been consolidated into a single product with three installation approaches.

The option to install Sage 100 Standard, Sage 100 Advanced, and Sage 100 Premium has been removed. Instead, during installation you will have the option to select the architecture to use (Stand-Alone or LAN or Client/Server). If you select the Client/Server architecture, you will be prompted to select the database to use (ProvideX or Microsoft SQL Server).

This might help clarify:

in the Sage 100 2023 What's New, it has more details on the Installation Simplification: 

cdn.na.sage.com/.../WhatsNew_2023.pdf

In version 2023, Sage 100 has been consolidated into a single product with three installation approaches.

The option to install Sage 100 Standard, Sage 100 Advanced, and Sage 100 Premium has been removed. Instead, during installation you will have the option to select the architecture to use (Stand-Alone or LAN or Client/Server). If you select the Client/Server architecture, you will be prompted to select the database to use (ProvideX or Microsoft SQL Server).

This may not have any bearing, but in previous versions it didn't seem to matter which selection as the determining factor always seemed to be the product keys. Thanks DGR for that explanation, though. I've been wondering about the ramifications of the new dialog boxes.