Welcome to the Sage 300 Support Group on Community Hub! Available 24/7, the Forums are a great place to ask and answer product questions, as well as share tips and tricks with Sage peers, partners, and pros.
The download you wanted is SQLEXPRWT (with tools). You can either just install that one, which includes the management studio, or search and search until you find the separate management studio only download file.
I would have thought so, but I have never searched for a 2012 version. Just reinstall using the SQL Express with Tools installation package. As I recall, it will give you the option to modify the existing installation; just add the basic tools.
www.microsoft.com/.../details.aspx
Click Download
Then check ENU\x64\SQLManagementStudio_x64_ENU.exe or ENU\x86\SQLManagementStudio_x86_ENU.exe
Click Next